Computer Graphics
Principle of plant transformation by the electro-chemical method
Step 1 - Preparation of protoplast
Chemicals or electric fields can be used to temporarily disrupt the plasma membrane of plant cells and to allow the entry of foreign DNA. This technique requires direct access of the transforming DNA through the plasma membrane.
For this purpose the cellulose cell wall that surrounds plant cells is digested by enzymatic treatment, leaving a cell surrounded only by its plasma membrane: a protoplast.
Step 1 - Preparation of protoplast
Chemicals or electric fields can be used to temporarily disrupt the plasma membrane of plant cells and to allow the entry of foreign DNA. This technique requires direct access of the transforming DNA through the plasma membrane.
For this purpose the cellulose cell wall that surrounds plant cells is digested by enzymatic treatment, leaving a cell surrounded only by its plasma membrane: a protoplast.
Principle of plant transformation by the electro-chemical method
Step 2 - Adding DNA
Protoplasts are put in contact with the naked transforming DNA.
Step 2 - Adding DNA
Protoplasts are put in contact with the naked transforming DNA.
Principle of plant transformation by the electro-chemical method
Step 3 - Transformation
The protoplast and DNA mixture is subjected to a treatment by chemicals or electric field that destabilise the plasma membrane and render it temporarily permeable to DNA. Once in the cell, DNA enters the nucleus and integrates into the plant genome.
Step 3 - Transformation
The protoplast and DNA mixture is subjected to a treatment by chemicals or electric field that destabilise the plasma membrane and render it temporarily permeable to DNA. Once in the cell, DNA enters the nucleus and integrates into the plant genome.
